EPCAM and cancer: Recently we reviewed the current literature and analyzed the molecular and cellular similarities and differences between embryonic implantation to uterine endometrium and CTCs adhesion to vascular endothelium, and found that many molecules, including epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), selectin, integrin, hormones, sialyl lewis X, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), are shared by both the embryonic implantation and cancer cell adhesion-invasion systems10, 11, 12, 13.