Participants had a mean age of 39.0 ± 13.1 years and mean diabetes duration of 21.2 ± 11.1 years; 39 % were overweight/obese, 27 % had a frequency of blood glucose monitoring >4 times/day according to the study visit interview (see Table 1), and 82 % were under flexible insulin regimens, such as sliding scale and carb counting. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.