Alternatively, down-regulation of certain miRNAs were reported in UC patients and in murine colitis models, such as miR-19a (targeting tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)) and miR-192 (targeting macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha (MIP-2α)) in intestinal epithelial cells11, 12. The gene discussed is CXCL2; the disease is colitis.