ANK1 and malaria: This view is also supported by our finding showing an massive up-regulation of genes encoding erythroid skeletal membrane proteins such as Add2 and Ank1. In this context, it is also noteworthy that C57BL/10 mice which have survived blood-stage malaria of P. chabaudi and subsequently acquired immunity to homologous re-infection have been previously shown to possess erythrocytes with a deficiency in the band 4.1a membrane protein (Wunderlich and Helwig, 1987).