The inhibition of PD-1 and PD-L1 axis has emerged as new immunotherapeutic with dramatic and durable responses in certain solid tumors including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma etc, especially in patients with the overexpression of intratumoral PD-L1 proteins [26–29]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.