CDX1 and gastric cancer: Furthermore, miR-296-5p/CDX1 affects the phosphorylation level of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway and induces changes in the expression levels of the cell cycle-related protein cyclin D1 and the apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and BCL2-associated X (Bax), thus maintaining the survival of gastric cancer cells and regulating cell proliferation [55].