KLF4 itself, in addition to its key role in macrophage activation, has been implicated in intestinal epithelial homeostasis acting as a tumour suppressor in colon cancer; furthermore, it promotes adipogenesis at early stages of adipocyte differentiation and is a critical factor in generating iPS cells14, 38, 59, 60, 61. This evidence concerns the gene KLF4 and colonic neoplasm.