Serum protein levels, which were technically validated by single-parameter analysis (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements) of the tumor microenvironmental factors lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) [9, 10], were further correlated to progression-free survival (PFS) and treatment toxicities as prospectively assessed by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) scoring. The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is neoplasm.