Interestingly, the removal of a synaptic cochaperone such as Cysteine String Protein-α (CSP-α) leads to activity-dependent synaptic degeneration in mice [5–7], and mutations in the gene DNAJC5, coding for CSP-α in humans, cause adult onset autosomal-dominant neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, a devastating neurodegenerative disease in young adults [8]. This evidence concerns the gene DNAJC5 and neurodegenerative disease.