TNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Thus, our results that secretion of TNFa, IL6 and MCP-1 are all elevated in T2D myotubes are in agreement with the findings of others, combining observations at the level of gene and protein expression, to which we have added information about the secretion of GROa, IL8, IL15, IL1b, VEGF, IFNg and follistatin.