Following studies of an epidemic of MM in Cappadocia that we linked to gene-environment interaction [13, 14], we discovered that germline truncating mutations in the BRCA1 associated protein-1 (BAP1) gene caused a very high incidence of MM, in some families in the US and abroad, in the absence of occupational exposure to asbestos [15, 16]. This evidence concerns the gene BAP1 and Miyoshi myopathy.