Our novel findings of XIAP RING domain in regulation of Sp1/miR4259/p63α cascade as well as identifying the crucial role of this cascade in malignant transformation of human bladder epithelial cell, may help us to utilize miR-4295 as biomarkers for the diagnosis and/or targets for the prevention and therapy of human bladder cancers. The gene discussed is XIAP; the disease is urinary bladder carcinoma.