In this set of tissue specimens, strong (3+) ZKSCAN3 expression was detected in 12 (19.7%) of 61 low-grade carcinomas vs. 45 (45.9%) of 98 high-grade carcinomas (P=0.001) as well as in 18 (26.9%) of 67 non-muscle-invasive tumors vs. 39 (42.4%) of 92 muscle-invasive tumors (P=0.047). The gene discussed is ZKSCAN3; the disease is carcinoma.