The evidence that they may includes: (1) in one large family, isolated DCM in the absence of Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy mapped to the DMD gene (27), (2) a collection of case studies identified classically pathogenic DMD variants (exonic deletions or splice variants) in individuals with DCM and without additional features associated with muscular dystrophy (28–30), (3) a study which evaluated the DMD gene (called DYS in this paper) in a series of 436 male patients diagnosed with isolated DCM, the authors identified pathogenic deletions or splice variants in 34 patients (31). This evidence concerns the gene DMD and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.