Considering that in our groups of malaria-infected patients hemoglobin levels correlated significantly and negatively with PfHRP-2 plasma levels (R = -0.217; p-value = 0.0013), we investigated correlations between EPO and hemoglobin, PfHRP-2, total heme and hemopexin plasma levels to further characterize the conditions associated to enhanced EPO levels. The gene discussed is HPX; the disease is malaria.