For UCB insulin concentration, maternal morbidity (healthy, obese or controlled gestational diabetes) appears to be the critical parameter with a relative importance of 18 %, followed by neonatal body length at delivery (12 %), maternal BMI (6–9 %) and less importantly neonatal BMI (5 %) and birth weight (5 %) (Fig. 4b). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is gestational diabetes.