At 16wk of HFD-feeding, expressions of the pro-inflammatory cytokines Ccl2 and TNFα, as well as the macrophage marker F4/80 were most profoundly elevated in gWAT (Supplementary Fig. S3), suggesting that clock gene damping within this tissue may be linked to the development of obesity-related inflammation. Here, CCL2 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.