ALB and toxicity: Since all other liver function-related biomarkers such as blood ALP and ALT activities as well as blood TP and ALB levels remained unchanged in female animals when compared to the corresponding control group, no liver function-related biomarkers were altered in male rats fed the GMO diets for 3, 6 and 12 months and no histopathological alterations were observed in male and female rats fed the 33 % GMO diet, it is concluded that the GM maize feeding did not lead to liver toxicity and that the above-mentioned AST activity increase in female rats was not event-related.