In fact, at day 6 following C. jejuni infection, increased IFN-γ, TNF, IL-6 and MCP-1 serum levels could be measured (p<0.001; Fig 9), whereas E. coli infection resulted in elevated IFN-γ and TNF serum concentrations (Fig 9A and 9B). This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and escherichia coli infection.