MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Each of its constituents has different effects on the pathological mechanisms of AD (for review see [591]): In addition to the two effects mentioned above, (3) EGb-761 is able to reduce Aβ42-induced cell apoptosis [592], (4) Aβ-toxicity [593] and even (5) Aβ-production [594]; (6) EGbs positively modulate tau-metabolism [595]; (7) reduce oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial respiration.