Studies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of CKD patients receiving peritoneal dialysis show decreased expression of NRF1 and PGC1-α and of several PGC1-α downstream target genes as mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C (COX6C), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C (COX7C), mitochondrial Hinge protein ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase Hinge gene (UQCRH), and MCAD [87]. Here, PPARGC1A is linked to chronic kidney disease.