The inhibition of MFG-E8 expression by RNA interference in artic endothelial cells significantly ameliorated atherosclerosis, but the exogenous administration of recombinant MFG-E8 exacerbated the symptoms of atherosclerosis in experimental diabetic mice through the intracellular signaling molecules ERK and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [50]. Here, CCL2 is linked to atherosclerosis.