Likewise, the pathogenesis of dry eye in Sjogren syndrome is still ambiguous, but the targeting of glandular epithelial cells of the lacrimal glands by lymphocytes is thought to be one of the causes.[32] Yung et al[33] recently revealed that anti-dsDNA induced a series of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and interleukins in proximal renal tubular epithelial cells, which led to kidney inflammation in SLE. Here, TNF is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.