Dawson et al. also demonstrated a significant down-regulation of miR-29b in both the plasma (n = 30SR, 33 AF) and right atrial appendage tissue of patients with paroxysmal (n = 9) and chronic atrial fibrillation (n = 8) with a subsequent reduction in suppression of fibrilin and the collagen (COL1A1 and COL3A1) mRNA transcripts promoting atrial fibrosis, structural remodelling and increasing the susceptibility to re-entry and atrial fibrillation [14]. Here, COL1A1 is linked to atrial fibrillation.