TGFB1 and liver dysplastic nodule: This study showed that intraperitoneal administration of astragalus inhibited the progression of RIF by reducing blood glucose levels; inhibiting the expression of α-SMA, TGF-β1, and TGFβ-R1; down-regulating E-cadherin expression; these results demonstrated that astragalus administration could be a potential treatment for DN, and that astragalus could improve the outcomes associated with DN by suppressing transdifferentiation.