CCL11 and myocardial infarction: One earlier cohort study, for example, found that a Thr/Ala substitution in the CCL11 gene increases risk of myocardial infarction independently of BMI and DM.46 Blockade of CCL11 can suppress aspects of age-related cellular dysfunction,47 and it is possible that observed effects of metformin on mammalian longevity,48,49 where suppression of NF-κB is also observed,49 may owe at least in part to suppression of this cytokine.