In particular, the mean relative expression levels of the EIF2S3, EXT2, RNF4, and WEE1 genes for NSCLC cases were significantly lower than those for non-cancer controls, whereas the mean relative expression levels of seven genes, namely CPEB4, DUSP6, GRB2, MCM4, MDM2, MMD, and STAT2, were significantly higher for NSCLC cases than for non-cancer controls. This evidence concerns the gene MDM2 and cancer.