TNF and Hepatic fibrosis: Recently, patients with severe liver fibrosis presented lower frequency of circulating CD8+ T-cells, higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines, lower levels of IL-10, and higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF and IFN-γ) [44], in line with a previous report that found a linear correlation between α-defensin levels and advancing liver fibrosis [41].