Although intra- and extracellular ANXA1 forms should be considered as two faces of the same aspect, the cytosolic counterpart functions have not been extensively examined at molecular level with the exception of breast cancer where the protein is able to induce EMT process via up-regulation of TGF-β signaling62 and malignant squamous epithelial cells where conversely, ANXA1 induces cell proliferation by EGFR stabilization, EGF production and cPLA2 activation63. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and breast cancer.