CDH1 and cholangiocarcinoma: Initially, the expression of 14-3-3ζ, aPKC-ι and E-cadherin in 64 paired CCA and peritumoral tissue samples and 10 choledochocyst samples as controls was detected using immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting (WB), meanwhile the patients’ samples were histopathologically evaluated (Table 1).