When multivariate regression analysis was performed using these significant factors, the patients with SEC grade 2/3 were independently associated with no dabigatran usage [odds ratio: 0.019 (95 % CI 0.001–0.963, p = 0.047)]; in addition to high levels of BNP [odds ratio: 1.008 (95 % CI 1.002–1.015, p = 0.010)]; and the incidence of diabetes mellitus [odds ratio: 11.30 (95 % CI 1.218–576.6, p = 0.018)]; or persistent AF [odds ratio: 0.023 (95 % CI 0.001–0.561, p = 0.020)]. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is diabetes mellitus.