Pardanani et al. [14] did not find any significant differences between high- and low-risk MDS, while Feng et al. [13] observed increased CCL4 levels and decreased levels of CCL5, CXCL5, cluster of differentiation 40 ligand (CD40L), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and EGF in high-risk MDS compared to low-risk disease. Here, CD40LG is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.