High immunohistochemical p53 expression in cholangiocarcinoma has been reported,[15] and p53 immunostaining combined with histology of specimen obtained by biopsy forceps improved the sensitivity of the diagnosis of bile duct cancer.[16] However, other studies reported that p53 immunocytochemistry added no definite additional value to brush cytology in the discrimination between benign and malignant strictures.[32,33] Our study showed that p53 mRNA had no significant role in the differentiation of bile duct cancer based on brush cytology. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is cholangiocarcinoma.