AHSG and diabetes mellitus: For example, dialysis patients with a lower fetuin A level have been reported to suffer from higher CV mortality,[11, 20, 35] and in the general population a lower fetuin A level has also been reported to lead to higher CV calcification.[36] However, in patients with diabetes, those with a higher fetuin A level have been reported to experience more CV complications.[37, 38] It is premature to recognize this phenomenon as another “reverse epidemiology”; nevertheless, the different impact of fetuin A level on incident fractures in different populations can rationally be anticipated.