INS and Insulin resistance: Differentiated cells were pre-incubated with palmitate (0.75 mM) for 16 h to induced insulin resistance as described before [31], then treated with different concentrations (1, 5 or 10 μM) of APL for 24 h or with 10 μM APL for different time intervals (6, 12 or 24 h) in the presence or absence of 100 nM insulin.