To test this concept, C6-Cx43 glioma cells or astrocytes were transfected with a mutant PTEN that lacks the PDZ domain-binding motif (residues 1–400; Flag ΔPDZ-PTEN), wild-type PTEN (Flag WT-PTEN) or the empty vector (Flag) (Figure 4). The gene discussed is GJA1; the disease is central nervous system cancer.