CHUK and cancer: In comparison, mice bearing cancer cells with downregulation of PP4R2 (A549shPP4R2-1-GL or A549shPP4R2-2-GL) developed the highest levels of phospho-IKKα/βS176/180, phospho-NF-κB p65S536, COX-2, Snail and EMT (Figure 7C).