The BPDE lesion can be particularly important in the etiology of smoking-related lung cancer, as the G-T transversion signature mutation of BPDE [8, 81, 86–88] is found more frequently in at CpG mutational hotspots in the P53 gene of lung tumors from smokers compared with lung tumors from non-smokers [89–91]. Here, TP53 is linked to lung cancer.