Several studies have shown MBL2 SNPs of promoter and exonic region regulate the MBL2 serum levels in different autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases, including HIV infection, leishmaniasis, leprosy, malaria, schistosomiasis, tuberculosis and trypanosomiasis (Madsen et al. 1995; Summerfield et al. 1995; Garred et al. 1997; Kelly et al. 2000; Klabunde et al. 2000; Jack and Turner 2003; IP et al. 2005; Garred et al. 2006; Alonso et al. 2007). The gene discussed is MBL2; the disease is trypanosomiasis.