STAT1 and neoplasm: At the same time, the Jak-Stat1 (Janus Kinase- Signal transducers and activators of transcription 1) pathway can be stimulated by IFNα, which consequently activates effector T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells, thereby indirectly enhancing the cytotoxic effect on tumor cells [15, 19–21].