APP and Alzheimer disease: Several studies using one of these two approaches have been conducted to investigate toxic effects caused by these AD-associated gene products and to explore various therapeutic strategies, including feeding flies with substances that modulate the Aβ aggregation pathway or the processing of AβPP, the co-expression of Aβ with anti Aβ-toxicity proteins and genetic manipulation of cellular pathways involved in AD (Berg et al., 2010; Chakraborty et al., 2011; Crowther et al., 2005; Favrin et al., 2013; Helmfors et al., 2015; Hermansson et al., 2014; Luheshi et al., 2010; Rival et al., 2009).