Administration of fractalkine blocked the phosphorylation of ERK in granulosa cells from women with PCOS compared with that in healthy individuals (0.977 ± 0.081 versus 1.076 ± 0.091 for PCOS with fractalkine versus Ctl with fractalkine, respectively; P > 0.05; Fig. 4B). This evidence concerns the gene CX3CL1 and polycystic ovary syndrome.