NOS2 and Plasmodium falciparum malaria: We reported that adults and children with falciparum malaria have low NO levels and decreased PBMC NOS2 mRNA and protein expression3, low plasma arginine4, NOS2 promoter polymorphisms modulating NO production5, increased plasma arginase activity3, increased levels of the endogenous NOS inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine6, 24, increased plasma levels of the NO-quencher hemoglobin3, and low levels of the NOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin7, 8.