Approximately 5% to 10% of epithelial ovarian cancers are associated with an inherited genetic predisposition, of which there are two recognized syndromes, inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern: the breast and ovarian cancer syndrome, linked to mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and accounting for approximately 90% of hereditary ovarian cancer cases, and the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome, accounting for approximately 5% of hereditary ovarian cancer cases [76, 77]. This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and ovarian carcinoma.