In the case of NF-κB, its expression level was also increased by ECwt infection, whereas all of the treatments of infected villi with PGZ, RGZ, TZD, DHA, ALA, HODE, or ATRA appear to reduce the NF-κB expression to levels similar to that found in uninfected control villus cells (Figure 3(g)). Here, NFKB1 is linked to infection.