Also, it has been shown that phage T4 RNA 3'-phosphate cyclase (encoded by pseT) and RNA ligase (rli) are involved in overcoming resistance [34] by restrictive strains of E. coli producing phage induced tRNA anticodon nuclease (encoded by the prr locus) which causes abortive infection by preventing effective translation of phage genes [35]. The gene discussed is ABCE1; the disease is infection.