The concentrations of CXCL13 in the serum (χ2 = 72.115, P < 0.001) and CSF (χ2 = 22.653, P < 0.001) and QCXCL13 (χ2 = 15.110, P = 0.001) were different among the neurosyphilis group, the syphilis/non-neurosyphilis group, the non-syphilis group and the healthy volunteers. Here, CXCL13 is linked to syphilis.