BRCA1 and breast carcinoma: As suggested by various guidelines, individuals identified with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation are at significantly increased risk for breast, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic and possibly other cancers: a 12% general population risk for breast cancer rises to 50–80% for BRCA1 mutation carriers or 40–70% for BRCA2 mutation carriers (Petrucelli, Daly & Feldman, 2015).