MAPK1 and allergic rhinitis: Recent study reported that eotaxin could activate extracellular signal regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) to stimulate the migration of eosinphils to epithelial cells, then activate, produce and release several inflammatory mediators to induce airway inflammation.13 In addition, the elevated eotaxin levels were also observed in allergicrhinitis.14 All these above suggested that IL-17 and eotaxin play a critical role in asthma and allergic rhinitis.