ATG5 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Some works have established that sorafenib induces autophagy as a cellular survival mechanism in HCC because when this pathway is repressed by a chemical drug (like chloroquine or bafilomycin A1) or by a small interfering RNA (siRNA) against Beclin-1 or Atg5, sorafenib kills more cancerous cells and its antiproliferative ability improves, which means that autophagy induced by that antitumor agent works as a protective pathway (Park et al., 2010; Yuan et al., 2014).